Jean-Francois Champollion was born in Figeac in the Lot, December 23, 1790.
Very soon it shows provisions for languages. He learns from his brother in Grenoble the rudiments of Latin, Greek and Arabic.. He is passionate about the civilization of the pharaohs in contact with elders of the Egyptian expedition of 1798.
At 17, he moved to Paris to study Oriental languages and antiquities.
Besides courses in Hebrew, Arabic, Persian, Syriac and Chaldean, he spends his leisure to study the Coptic language. He believes that this language contains the remains of the ancient Egyptian language.
In 1809 he began his project to produce a great work on Egypt. Champollion will consider carefully all that is known of Egypt's history, manners, language, religion ...
It begins with geography and place names, known only by the Greek and Roman writers. Based on Coptic manuscripts and Arab names, he wants to restore the original names.
In 1814 he published his work under the title "Egypt under the Pharaohs, or research on geography, religion, language, scripture, and history of Egypt."
The hieroglyphics are everywhere in Egypt. But these messages are incomprehensible. They are a dead letter.
Then Champollion to understand. He plunges into a frantic reading of what has been written about the hieroglyphics. He also helps himself to the language and writing Chinese.
The Rosetta stone in three languages - hieroglyphics, demotic and Greek - lift the veil. An antique Swedish Ã…kerblad, found in the hieroglyphs of signs which have the function of letters. Champollion confirms this hypothesis from the analysis of names inscribed on the stone.
It is clear to him that the ideograms are sometimes valued phonetic sound. The sign represents the initial sound of the object.
Using the Rosetta Stone and a papyrus of the reign of Ptolemy in Greek, he found the equivalent of 21 letters of the Greek alphabet in hieroglyphics, a language forgotten for over 15 centuries.
On September 14, 1822, 23 years after the discovery of the Rosetta Stone by Captain Bouchard, Champollion announces to his brother's discovery. He was then 32 years.
The principles of hieroglyphic writing were published as "Letter to the Permanent Secretary of the Academy of Inscriptions," Ironside PM.
Louis XVIII gave him a gold snuffbox and printed the letter to Dacier by the Imprimerie Royale. The scientific exploration of Egypt under Bonaparte was resounding. Louis XVIIII wants to compete. Bonaparte had opened the door, under Louis XVIII on the course.
It is a success and the dedication for Champollion.
Some attacked while trying to minimize its discovery in favor of their hypotheses. But their theories without real foundations were false because they offered no systematic method of Champollion.
In pursuing its work on the inscriptions, Champollion arrived at precisely identify three systems of writing in hieroglyphics hieroglyphics for the sacred and the hieratic, for the religious and legal, which contains only 2 or 3 lines of hieroglyphics; and the demotic to the vernacular, which is very distorted and far from the original hieroglyphic.
Champollion's discovery is that the hieroglyphics are both ideograms and sounds.
In 1824 he published the Summary system of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics.
Champollion moves to Italy to verify the method on the inscriptions from the collection assembled by the consul Drouetti and bought by the King of Sardinia and Piedmont.
It comes from Charles X to purchase 4 014 pieces in the collection of the British Consul Henry Salt. It is a first base for the division of the Egyptian Antiquities Museum Charles X.
1 970 pieces from the second collection Drouetti arrive for the inauguration of the Egyptian gallery of the Louvre in 1827.
In 1828, Champollion went to Egypt. This is the first scientific expedition to the Nile Valley. He heads the expedition with Professor Rossellini teaches oriental languages at Pisa. It follows the valley of the Nile to Abu Simbel.
He spends most of his time to make drawings and record entries. Better equipped by his knowledge of languages as his rival Edme Jomard, it includes entries that reproduced. It is also much more accurate and omits any detail. He discovers the tomb of Queen Twosret in the Valley of the Kings.
Champollion brings with him 1 500 partly colored drawings on site, and the Louvre he brings 102 pieces..
Back in France, Jean-Francois Champollion was appointed member of the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles Lettres. In 1831 he became the first professor of Egyptology at the College de France.
It is then suffering from a disease contracted in Egypt. Convalescing in his hometown, he is struck by a stroke and died March 4, 1832 at the age of 42 years..
His brother, Jacques Joseph published his writings, including letters, a dictionary of Egypt, and especially the work of his life, "General Principles of the Egyptian sacred writing applied to the representation of spoken language.
Jean-François Champollion is considered the father of modern Egyptology.
Very soon it shows provisions for languages. He learns from his brother in Grenoble the rudiments of Latin, Greek and Arabic.. He is passionate about the civilization of the pharaohs in contact with elders of the Egyptian expedition of 1798.
At 17, he moved to Paris to study Oriental languages and antiquities.
Besides courses in Hebrew, Arabic, Persian, Syriac and Chaldean, he spends his leisure to study the Coptic language. He believes that this language contains the remains of the ancient Egyptian language.
In 1809 he began his project to produce a great work on Egypt. Champollion will consider carefully all that is known of Egypt's history, manners, language, religion ...
It begins with geography and place names, known only by the Greek and Roman writers. Based on Coptic manuscripts and Arab names, he wants to restore the original names.
In 1814 he published his work under the title "Egypt under the Pharaohs, or research on geography, religion, language, scripture, and history of Egypt."
The hieroglyphics are everywhere in Egypt. But these messages are incomprehensible. They are a dead letter.
Then Champollion to understand. He plunges into a frantic reading of what has been written about the hieroglyphics. He also helps himself to the language and writing Chinese.
The Rosetta stone in three languages - hieroglyphics, demotic and Greek - lift the veil. An antique Swedish Ã…kerblad, found in the hieroglyphs of signs which have the function of letters. Champollion confirms this hypothesis from the analysis of names inscribed on the stone.
It is clear to him that the ideograms are sometimes valued phonetic sound. The sign represents the initial sound of the object.
Using the Rosetta Stone and a papyrus of the reign of Ptolemy in Greek, he found the equivalent of 21 letters of the Greek alphabet in hieroglyphics, a language forgotten for over 15 centuries.
On September 14, 1822, 23 years after the discovery of the Rosetta Stone by Captain Bouchard, Champollion announces to his brother's discovery. He was then 32 years.
The principles of hieroglyphic writing were published as "Letter to the Permanent Secretary of the Academy of Inscriptions," Ironside PM.
Louis XVIII gave him a gold snuffbox and printed the letter to Dacier by the Imprimerie Royale. The scientific exploration of Egypt under Bonaparte was resounding. Louis XVIIII wants to compete. Bonaparte had opened the door, under Louis XVIII on the course.
It is a success and the dedication for Champollion.
Some attacked while trying to minimize its discovery in favor of their hypotheses. But their theories without real foundations were false because they offered no systematic method of Champollion.
In pursuing its work on the inscriptions, Champollion arrived at precisely identify three systems of writing in hieroglyphics hieroglyphics for the sacred and the hieratic, for the religious and legal, which contains only 2 or 3 lines of hieroglyphics; and the demotic to the vernacular, which is very distorted and far from the original hieroglyphic.
Champollion's discovery is that the hieroglyphics are both ideograms and sounds.
In 1824 he published the Summary system of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics.
Champollion moves to Italy to verify the method on the inscriptions from the collection assembled by the consul Drouetti and bought by the King of Sardinia and Piedmont.
It comes from Charles X to purchase 4 014 pieces in the collection of the British Consul Henry Salt. It is a first base for the division of the Egyptian Antiquities Museum Charles X.
1 970 pieces from the second collection Drouetti arrive for the inauguration of the Egyptian gallery of the Louvre in 1827.
In 1828, Champollion went to Egypt. This is the first scientific expedition to the Nile Valley. He heads the expedition with Professor Rossellini teaches oriental languages at Pisa. It follows the valley of the Nile to Abu Simbel.
He spends most of his time to make drawings and record entries. Better equipped by his knowledge of languages as his rival Edme Jomard, it includes entries that reproduced. It is also much more accurate and omits any detail. He discovers the tomb of Queen Twosret in the Valley of the Kings.
Champollion brings with him 1 500 partly colored drawings on site, and the Louvre he brings 102 pieces..
Back in France, Jean-Francois Champollion was appointed member of the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles Lettres. In 1831 he became the first professor of Egyptology at the College de France.
It is then suffering from a disease contracted in Egypt. Convalescing in his hometown, he is struck by a stroke and died March 4, 1832 at the age of 42 years..
His brother, Jacques Joseph published his writings, including letters, a dictionary of Egypt, and especially the work of his life, "General Principles of the Egyptian sacred writing applied to the representation of spoken language.
Jean-François Champollion is considered the father of modern Egyptology.
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